By Pauline T. Nenerai
ROAD accidents are reported almost on a weekly basis in Zimbabwe, with a number of people losing their lives and some getting injured.
The whole country woke up to shocking news during the weekend when DNC Coaches got involved in a fatal accident near Makhado in Limpopo Province of South Africa, killing at least 42 passengers and injuring dozens more.
This was a blow to the region and to the families of the deceased and the injured. Death and injuries have a negative effect on the survivors and their families. Some live with disability long after road accidents, some lose parents and loved ones, thus, bringing grief which may take long to heal.
Road accidents have an impact on mental health as they lead to various psychological disorders, which may include post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety disorders and acute stress disorders.
Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PSTD), is characterised by intrusive memories, and flash backs. Research has proven that nearly 39 percent of accident survivors develop PSTD symptoms. The survivor might experience flash backs of the accident, and can also re-live the experience leading to impairments on daily functioning.
In addition to that, accidents may lead to depression. Depression is a condition marked by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities. According to research, depression was reported by 20 percent of survivors one month post-injury.
On anxiety, generalised anxiety, social anxiety, and driving phobias are common. It was also reported by 4,5 percent of survivors. Acute stress disorder develops in days and weeks following the accident, with symptoms like intrusive thoughts and avoidance behaviours.
The impact of road accidents on mental health can be influenced by severity of injury. This can lead to poorer mental health outcomes. If a member had previous mental health issues, the condition can increase the risk of developing psychological disorders after an accident.
Lack of social support can exacerbate mental health issues. It is of paramount importance for family and friends of accident survivors to help them seek professional help if they are experiencing symptoms of mental health disorders. Early intervention improves recovery outcomes.
